In mythology, folklore, and legend, horses have been important figures throughout history and across cultural boundaries.
These magnificent animals, which are frequently endowed with superhuman prowess or divine ancestry, have long been appreciated for their power, grace, and beauty.
Storytellers and listeners have been enthralled by Mythical horses from Norse stories to Greek mythology and beyond.
This article investigates the origins, importance, and folklore of 25 of the most well-known and intriguing mythological and legendary horse names.
Legendary Horse Names
1. Pegasus
Pegasus, the winged stallion from Greek mythology, is arguably the most well-known legendary horse.
Born from Medusa’s blood after Perseus beheaded her, Pegasus rose to become a gods’ servant and a symbol of lyrical creativity.
The hero Bellerophon, who tamed and rode him to slay the Chimaera, is the reason he is most well-known.
Later on, Pegasus ascended Mount Olympus to take on the role of carrying Zeus’ thunderbolt before becoming an eternal constellation in the night sky.
2. Sleipnir
According to Norse mythology, Odin, the Allfather of the gods, rode an eight-legged horse named Sleipnir. Sleipnir, who can move between the worlds of gods, mortals, and the underworld, is regarded as the quickest horse ever.
One story has him ridden by Hermóðr, one of Odin’s sons and the messenger of the gods. Sleipnir carries Hermóðr to Hel to retrieve the god Baldr, with Sleipnir making a mighty leap over Hel’s gates.
Often represented as grey or white, his odd appearance of eight legs is thought to represent the eight winds.
Sleipnir is a singular being in Norse mythology, having been born to the trickster god Loki while he was a mare.
3. Bucephalus
Although not exactly mythological, Bucephalus the renowned military horse of Alexander the Great has attained legendary status.
Known for his head like an ox, Bucephalus was reputed to be untamed and untamed until the youthful Alexander succeeded in soothing and mounting him.
Throughout his victories, the horse remained Alexander’s devoted friend, and following Bucephalus’s passing, Alexander named a city in his honor.
The close relationship between Alexander and Bucephalus has come to represent the profound tie between people and horses.
4. Arion
Arion is a divinely bred, extremely swift horse in Greek mythology.
Born from the union of Poseidon and Demeter (both in equine form), Arion possessed the power of speech and had two right feet.
He is associated with various heroes in Greek myths, including Heracles and Adrastus.
Arion’s incredible speed made him a valuable asset in battles and quests, cementing his place in legendary tales.
5. Xanthus and Balius
In Greek mythology, Poseidon gave Peleus and Achilles these immortal horses as a present.
As Achilles’ chariot horses in the Trojan War, Xanthus (meaning “blonde”) and Balius (meaning “dappled”) were reputed to be as quick as the wind.
Their incredible speed and agility made them legendary figures in the epic tales of ancient Greece.
Homer’s Iliad illustrates the divine quality of these mythical horses when Hera gives Xanthus the ability to speak, allowing him to warn Achilles of his imminent demise.
This moment underscores the deep intersection of fate, divine intervention, and the heroic narratives that define Greek mythology.
6. Kelpie
The Kelpie is a mythical water spirit from Scottish folklore, often shown as a shape-shifting horse.
It traditionally inhabits lochs and rivers, where it entices humans to ride on its back before dragging them into the water to drown.
The Kelpie is notorious for its strength and cunning nature, able to transform into a beautiful human to lure unsuspecting victims.
In its horse form, it is said to be dark, almost black, with a mane that appears perpetually wet.
Legends describe Kelpies as powerful and malevolent creatures, though some stories paint them as benevolent beings that protect bodies of water.
Interestingly, the Kelpie myth may have served as a cautionary tale to keep children away from dangerous waters.
Over time, this captivating creature has entered popular culture, inspiring literature, art, and modern media. The Kelpie symbolizes the enchanting and perilous allure of Scotland’s natural landscape.
7. Hippocampus
In Greek mythology, the Hippocampus is a fantastical sea creature with the upper body of a horse and the lower body of a fish, often depicted pulling the chariots of sea gods like Poseidon.
The term “Hippocampus” derives from the Greek words “hippos” (horse) and “kampos” (sea monster). These mythological beings symbolize the union between the land and the sea, embodying both grace and strength.
Ancient art and literature frequently feature Hippocampi, showcasing their significance in maritime culture. They were believed to guide and protect sailors, ensuring safe voyages across treacherous waters.
Today, the image of the Hippocampus continues to captivate the imagination, appearing in various forms of art and popular culture.
This enduring symbol reflects humanity’s fascination with the mysteries of the ocean and the mythological creatures that inhabit its depths.
8. Al-Buraq
In Islamic tradition, Al-Buraq is the mythical steed that carried the Prophet Muhammad during the Night Journey (Isra and Mi’raj).
Described as a white animal, smaller than a mule but larger than a donkey, Al-Buraq is said to have wings and a woman’s face.
This celestial mount transported Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem and then through the seven heavens in a single night, showcasing its supernatural speed and divine nature.
During this journey, Muhammad is believed to have met various prophets and received divine revelations, further solidifying the significance of Al-Buraq in Islamic lore.
The Night Journey signifies a profound spiritual experience in Islamic culture, emphasizing faith, devotion, and the miracles granted by divine will.
9. Unicorn
While not a specifically named horse, the unicorn deserves mention as one of the most enduring mythical equines in Western folklore.
Typically depicted as a white horse with a single spiral horn on its forehead, unicorns have been symbols of purity, innocence, and magic for centuries.
In medieval times, unicorn horns (often narwhal tusks in reality) were highly prized for their supposed medicinal properties.
The allure of the unicorn continues to captivate imaginations in modern popular culture.
10. The Nuckelavee
Originating from Scottish and Scandinavian folklore, the Nuckelavee is a grotesque sea creature with the head of a horse atop a humanoid body.
This malevolent being is said to bring drought, plague, and famine upon those who encounter it.
Described as having deadly breath that can wilt crops and poison livestock, the Nuckelavee’s destructive capabilities are feared by coastal communities.
According to legend, it can only be defeated by someone brave enough to sever its connection to the sea or through divine intervention.
The Nuckelavee serves as a cautionary tale about respecting nature and facing our fears.
Its hybrid form of horse and human speaks to the enduring mythological connection between humans and horses, even in their most terrifying forms.
11. Mares of Diomedes
These four man-eating horses belonged to Diomedes, the king of Thrace, in Greek mythology.
Named Podargos (the swift), Lampon (the shining), Xanthos (the yellow), and Deinos (the terrible), these mares were said to breathe fire and were fed on human flesh.
The capture of these savage horses was one of the Twelve Labors of Heracles, highlighting their fearsome reputation and the challenge they presented even to the mightiest of heroes.
12. The Trojan Horse
Perhaps one of the most famous horse-related myths is that of the Trojan Horse, a symbol of deceit and trickery.
According to legend, the Greeks used a giant wooden horse as a decoy to enter the city of Troy during the Trojan War. The Trojans believed it was a gift from the departing Greeks and brought it inside their walls.
However, hidden Greek soldiers emerged from within the horse at night and opened the gates for their army, leading to Troy’s defeat.
This tale reminds us to be cautious of accepting gifts or appearances at face value.
The Trojan Horse also showcases the importance of strategy and cunning in warfare, as well as the consequences of betrayal.
13. Gringolet
In Arthurian legend, Gringolet was the loyal steed of Sir Gawain, one of the most renowned Knights of the Round Table.
While not possessing supernatural abilities, Gringolet was known for his strength, speed, and unwavering loyalty to his master.
The horse played a crucial role in many of Gawain’s adventures, including the famous tale of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, embodying the chivalric ideals of Arthurian romance.
14. Horselords of Rohan
While not individual named horses, the steeds of Rohan in J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings” have achieved legendary status in modern fantasy literature.
The Rohirrim, or Horse-lords, were renowned for their exceptional horses and riding skills.
Tolkien drew inspiration from various historical and mythological equestrian cultures to create the magnificent horses of Rohan, which played a crucial role in the War of the Ring.
15. Arvak and Alsvid
Arvak and Alsvid are two legendary horses from Norse mythology, tasked with pulling the chariot of the sun goddess, Sól, across the sky.
Their names translate to “Early Riser” (Arvak) and “All Swift” (Alsvid), reflecting their important role in maintaining the daily cycle of day and night.
Each day, Arvak and Alsvid race across the heavens, dragging the sun’s chariot to provide light and warmth to the world.
According to myth, they are equipped with supernatural strength and endurance to withstand the sun’s intense heat. To aid them, the gods placed cooling runes on their shoulders to protect them from being scorched.
These magnificent horses symbolize the relentless passage of time and the eternal struggle to balance light and darkness. Arvak and Alsvid remain enduring figures in the rich tapestry of Norse cosmology.
16. Hippogriff
The hippogriff, a mythical animal having the foreparts of an eagle and the hindquarters of a horse, represents the impossibility made attainable.
The hippogriff, which first appeared in Italian mythology and then gained popularity in European medieval and Renaissance literature, symbolizes the marriage of earth and heaven since horses were seen to be terrestrial and eagles to be celestial.
In contemporary popular culture, hippogriffs are frequently shown as soaring mounts for heroes in fantasy books and movies.
17. Hayagriva
In Hindu mythology, Hayagriva is an avatar of Vishnu depicted with a human body and a horse’s head.
The name Hayagriva means “horse-necked” in Sanskrit.
This divine being is associated with wisdom and knowledge, particularly in the Vedas.
Legend has it that Hayagriva recovered the Vedas after they were stolen by demons, thus preserving sacred knowledge for humanity.
This mythical horse-headed god symbolizes the power of divine wisdom and the importance of knowledge in Hindu tradition.
18. Chollima
Chollima, a mythical horse from East Asian folklore, particularly Korean mythology, is known for its exceptional speed and endurance.
The name itself translates to “thousand-mile horse,” symbolizing its ability to travel vast distances in a single day.
In Korean legend, Chollima is often depicted as an uncatchable, winged horse, embodying ambition, perseverance, and the pursuit of seemingly impossible goals.
The myth of Chollima has been embraced in modern times, notably in North Korea, where it serves as a powerful symbol of rapid progress and development.
The “Chollima Movement,” initiated by Kim Il-sung in the 1950s, aimed to inspire citizens to work hard and achieve remarkable economic growth, much like the mythical horse’s legendary speed.
In modern times, the image of Chollima has been used as a symbol of economic and social progress in North Korea.
19. Tulpar
Tulpar is a mythical winged horse from Turkic and Mongolian folklore, revered for its incredible strength, speed, and ability to fly.
This majestic creature symbolizes power, freedom, and the boundless spirit of the nomadic peoples who roamed the steppes of Central Asia.
According to legend, Tulpar could carry warriors into battle or swiftly transport them across vast distances, making it a cherished companion in times of both war and peace.
The image of Tulpar often appears in art and literature, embodying the cultural values of bravery, independence, and the harmonious relationship between humans and nature.
In some stories, Tulpar is also credited with having the wisdom to guide and protect its rider through perilous journeys.
Today, Tulpar remains a potent cultural emblem, inspiring modern representations in national symbols, logos, and even sports team mascots, celebrating the enduring legacy of this mythical creature.
20. Morvarc’h
In Breton mythology, the Morvarc’h is a supernatural horse with a golden mane and hooves.
This mythical creature is believed to inhabit the depths of the sea but possesses the extraordinary ability to transform into a majestic white horse and gallop on land when the situation requires.
According to legend, Morvarc’h represents the delicate balance between land and sea, illustrating the harmonious connection between humans and nature.
It also symbolizes courage, adaptability, and resilience in the face of challenges, embodying the spirit of those who must navigate both the terrestrial and aquatic realms.
Stories of the Morvarc’h have been passed down through generations, inspiring awe and admiration for its powerful symbolism and the lessons it imparts.
21. Uchchaihshravas
In Hindu mythology, Uchchaihshravas is a seven-headed flying horse that emerged from the churning of the cosmic ocean. This divine stallion is considered the king of horses and is often depicted as pure white.
Associated with Indra, the god of thunder and war, Uchchaihshravas symbolizes power, speed, and nobility.
The multiple heads of this mythical horse may represent its ability to see in all directions, emphasizing its divine omniscience.
22. Svaoilfari
In Norse mythology, Svaoilfari was an extraordinarily strong stallion belonging to a giant who had made a wager with the gods.
The giant used Svaoilfari to help build a fortress for the gods, nearly winning the bet.
To prevent this, Loki transformed himself into a mare to distract Svaoilfari, resulting in the birth of Sleipnir.
This tale highlights the significant role horses played in Norse mythology and the complex relationships between gods, giants, and magical animals.
23. Liath Macha and Dub Sainglend
These two horses belonged to Cu Chulainn, the legendary hero of Ulster in Irish mythology.
Liath Macha (Gray of Macha) and Dub Sainglend (Black of Saingliu) were said to have emerged from two nearby lakes.
These divine steeds pulled Cu Chulainn’s chariot in many famous battles and were known for their strength, speed, and loyalty.
The horses’ supernatural origin and their unwavering devotion to their master underscore the deep connection between heroes and their mounts in Celtic mythology.
24. Veillantif
In the medieval French epic “The Song of Roland,” Veillantif was the loyal steed of Roland, Charlemagne’s nephew and greatest paladin.
Veillantif is thought to mean “valiant” or “alert.” While not possessing supernatural abilities, Veillantif’s unwavering loyalty and bravery in battle alongside Roland elevated him to legendary status.
The bond between Roland and Veillantif exemplifies the close relationship between knights and their warhorses in medieval literature and culture.
25. Bayard
Bayard is a magical bay horse in medieval French folklore, most famously associated with Renaud de Montauban and his three brothers, the Four Sons of Aymon.
This enchanted steed could adjust its size to carry one or all four brothers as needed.
Bayard was known for his incredible speed, strength, and intelligence, often playing a crucial role in the brothers’ adventures and escapes.
The tales of Bayard highlight the medieval fascination with magical horses and their importance in chivalric legends.
Conclusion
From divine steeds that shaped the cosmos to loyal warhorses that stood beside legendary heroes, these mythical horses have left an indelible mark on human imagination and storytelling.
They embody our longstanding fascination with horses, representing speed, strength, freedom, and the magical bond between humans and animals.
The enduring appeal of these legendary horses speaks to the universal admiration for the grace, power, and nobility of equines.
Whether winged, multi-headed, or possessing supernatural abilities, these mythical horses continue to gallop through our collective consciousness, inspiring new generations of storytellers and horse enthusiasts alike.
As we reflect on these legends, we are reminded of horses’ profound impact on human culture, mythology, and our understanding of the natural and supernatural worlds.
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